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r the local lords； and so he invited Cai Yong back； threatening if Cai Yong had refused he would have put to death Cai Yong's whole family。 （chatper 4） Cai Yong's daughter Cai Yan was a well…known poetess。 。。。。。
So Wang Yun gave orders to arrest the mourner and bring him in。 Soon he was brought in； and when they saw him all were startled。 For he was no other than Imperial Historian Cai Yong*。
Wang Yun spoke to Cai Yong angrily； 〃Dong Zhuo has been put to death as a rebel； and all the land rejoices。 You； a Han minister； instead of rejoicing； weep for him。 Why？〃
Cai Yong confessed his fault； saying； 〃I am without talent； yet know what is right。 I am not the man who turns my back on the dynasty and toward Dong Zhuo。 Yet once I experienced his kindness； and I could not help mourning for him。 I know my fault is grave； but I pray you regard the reasons。 If you will leave my head and only cut off my feet； you may use me to continue the History of Han； whereby I may have the good fortune to be allowed to expiate my fault。〃
All were sorry for Cai Yong； for he was a man of great talents； and they begged that he might be spared。
The Imperial Guardian； Ma Midi； secretly interceded for him； saying； 〃Cai Yong is famous as a scholar； and he can write glorious history； and it is inadvisable to put to death a man renowned for rectitude without consideration。〃
But in vain； for the High Minister was now strong and obdurate。
＇e＇ Emperor Wu； aka Liu Che； （reigned BC 141…87） whose reign was longest among the Han emperors。 Emperor Wu was perhaps the most influential Han emperor who concerned not only about expanding territory but also about developing trade with other countries （the Silk Road； for example）。 Emperor paid special attention to longevity； and his court often had elaborate rituals。 。。。。。
＇e＇ Sima Qian （BC 145…85） astronomer； calendar expert； and the first great Chinese historian； noted for his authorship of the 〃Historical Records〃 or Shi Ji； which is considered to be the most important history of China down to the end of the 2nd century。 。。。。。
Wang Yun said； 〃Centuries ago； Emperor Wu* spared Sima Qian* and employed him on the annals； with the result that many slanderous stories have been handed down to us。 This is a trying period of great perplexity； and we dare not let a specious fellow like this wield his pen in criticism of those about the court of a youthful prince and abuse us as he will。〃
Remonstrance and appeal being vain； Ma Midi retired。 But he said to his colleagues； 〃Is Wang Yun then careless of the future？ Worthy people are the mainstay of the state； laws are the canons of action。 To destroy the mainstay and nullify the laws is to hasten destruction。〃
As was just said Wang Yun was obdurate。 Cai Yong whose offense was an expression of gratitude was thrown into prison and there strangled。 The people of that day wept for Cai Yong； for they refused to see any offense in what he had done； and death was a harsh punishment。
Dong Zhuo； the dictator；
Tyrannized the state；
Fell and his sole mourner
Shared his direful fate。
Zhuge Liang in seclusion
Was content to dream；
Felt his worth and never
Helped a traitor's scheme。
Those generals………Li Jue； Guo Si； Fan Chou； and Zhang Ji………whom Dong Zhuo had left to guard Meiwo fled when their master was slain and went into the county of Shanxi in Liangzhou Region。 Thence they sent in a memorial entreating amnesty。 But Wang Yun would not hear of it。
〃Four of them were the chief instruments of Dong Zhuo's aggressions。 Now though a general amnesty were proclaimed； these men should be excluded from its benefit；〃 said Wang Yun。
The messenger returned and told the four there was no hope of pardon and they could only flee。
Then their adviser； Jia Xu； said； 〃If we throw away our arms and flee singly； then we shall fall easy victims to any village beadle who may seize us。 Rather let us cajole the Shanxi people to throw in their lot with us and make a sudden onslaught on the capital and so avenge Dong Zhuo。 If we succeed； we control the court and the empire。 There will be enough time to run away if we fail。〃
The plan was adopted； and they spread abroad the story that Wang Yun intended to massacre the county。
Having thus thrown the people into a state of terror； they went a step farther and said； 〃There is no advantage in dying for nothing。 Revolt and join us！〃
So they cajoled the people into joining them and gathered a host equal to one hundred thousand。 This horde was divided into four parts； and they all set out to raid Capital Changan。 On the way they fell in with a son…in…law of their late chief； Imperial mander Niu Fu； who marched five thousand troop from Xiliang。 Niu Fu had set out to avenge his father…in…law； and he became the Van Leader of the horde。
As they advanced； the news came to Wang Yun； and he consulted Lu Bu。
〃They are a lot of rats；〃 said Lu Bu。 〃Never mind how many there are of them。 Be not in the least anxious。〃
So Lu Bu and Li Su went to oppose them。 The latter was in advance and met Niu Fu。 They fought； Niu Fu was outmatched and retired after suffering a slaughter。 But unexpectedly Niu Fu returned in a night attack； found Li Su quite unprepared and drove Li Su's force some ten miles； slaying many。
Li Su reported the defeat； and Lu Bu raged at him； saying； 〃You have sullied my reputation as a warrior and destroyed our fighting spirit！〃
And Lu Bu put Li Su to death； exposing his head at the camp gate。
Next day Lu Bu advanced his own force and engaged Niu Fu。 He overwhelmed Niu Fu and drove him off。 That night Niu Fu called in his most trusted man； Hu Chier； to advise him。
Hu Chier said； 〃Lu Bu is too doughty a fighter for us to hope to overe him。 Our case is hopeless。 Our best course is to desert these four generals； secrete their valuables； and leave the army with just a few of our followers。〃
The plan of Hu Chier was adopted； and the two traitors and some others that very night packed up and made their way out of camp。 They were only half a dozen。 They came to a river and； while crossing； Hu Chier； tempted by the lust of wealth； slew his panion。 Then he went to offer the head of Niu Fu to Lu Bu。 Lu Bu inquired into the matter； and when a follower told him the truth； he put the double traitor Hu Chier to death。
Then Lu Bu advanced against the rebels and fell in with Li Jue's force。 Without giving them time to form in battle； Lu Bu attacked。 Horses curvetting and spears set； the army dashed in irresistibly； and Li Jue； making no stand； fell back a long way。 Li Jue took up a position under a hill fifteen miles away and thence sent to call his fellows to council。
＇e＇ Peng Yue （BC ？…196） a general of Liu Bang。 He and Liu Bang had been close friends in their native Pei； where Liu Bang later held a minor office。 Ennobled as King of Liang。 。。。。。
Li Jue said； 〃Lu Bu though brave in battle is no strategist and so not really formidable。 I will lead my troops to hold the mouth of the gorge； and every day I will incite him to attack； and when he es toward me； General Guo Si can smite his rear； after the manner of Peng Yue* when he fought against Chu。 While thus I am alternating attack and retreat； Generals Fan Chou and Zhang Ji will march off in different directions toward Changan。 Such an attack at two points must end both Wang Yun and Lu Bu。〃
They set themselves to carry out this scheme。 As soon as Lu Bu reached the hills； a force of Li Jue came out to attack him。 Lu Bu made an angry dash toward the enemy who retired up the hills； whence they shot arrows and hurled stones like rain。 Lu Bu's troops halted。 At this moment the report came that the rear was being attacked and there appeared Guo Si。 At once Lu Bu wheeled toward the new enemy； but immediately the rolling drums gave the signal to retire； and Lu Bu could not e to blows with them。 As he called in his army； the gongs clanged on the other side and his former opponent Li Jue came to attack his front。 But before Lu Bu could join battle； his rear was again assaulted by Guo Si； who in his turn drew off immediately。
Thus Lu Bu was baited till his bosom was near bursting with rage。 The same tactics continued for several days。 He could neither strike his enemies nor escape them。 His troops had no rest。
In the midst of these distracting maneuver； a messenger rode up in hot haste to report： 〃The capital is in imminent danger from a double attack of Fan Chou and Zhang Ji。〃
Lu Bu at once ordered a march to save the capital； which became a rout when both his opponents Li Jue and Guo Si came in pursuit。 His loss was heavy。
He soon reached Changan and found the rebels there in enormous numbers and the city quite surrounded。 Lu Bu's attack had but little effect； and as his temper became more savage under defeat； many of his soldiers went over to the rebels。
He fell into deep melancholy。 Then a remnant of Dong Zhuo's adherents still in the city； led by Li Meng and Wang Fang； began to lend aid to the attackers； and by and by they secretly opened the city gate and the besiegers poured in。 Lu Bu exerted himself to the utmost but could not stem the tide。 At the head of some hundred horse； he dashed over to the Black Lock Gate and called out to Wang Yun； who was on the other side。
〃The case is desperate now。 Ride with m